Ch30. Navicular Disease

Ch30. Navicular Disease

  1. Dyson S, Murray R, Schramme M: Lameness associated with foot pain: results of 199 horses (January 2001-December 2003) and response to treatment, Equine Vet J 37:113, 2005.
  2. Blunden A, Dyson S, Murray R, et al: Histological findings in horses with chronic palmar foot pain and age-matched control horses. Part 1: the navicular bone and related structures, Equine Vet J 38:15, 2006.
  3. Blunden A, Dyson S, Murray R, et al: Histological findings in horses with chronic palmar foot pain and age-matched control horses. Part 2: the deep digital flexor tendon, Equine Vet J 38:23, 2006.
  4. Dyson S, Murray R, Schramme M, et al: Lameness in 46 horses associated with deep digital flexor tendonitis in the digit: diagnosis confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging, Equine Vet J 35:681, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Dik K, van den Broek J: Role of navicular bone shape in the pathogenesis of navicular disease: a radiological study, Equine Vet J 27:390, 1995. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Dik K, van den Belt A, van den Broek J: Relationships of age and shape of the navicular bone to the development of navicular disease: a radiological study, Equine Vet J 33:172, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Stock K, Hamann H, Distl O: Variance component estimation on the frequency of pathologic changes in the navicular bones of Hanoverian Warmblood horses, J Anim Breed Genet 121:289, 2004.
  8. Dyson S, Murray R, Blunden T, et al: Current concepts of navicular disease, Equine Vet Educ 18:45, 2006.
  9. Ackerman N, Johnson J, Dorn C: Navicular disease in the horse: risk factors, radiographic changes and response to therapy, J Am Vet Med Assoc 170:183, 1997.
  10. Mey G, Kleyn E, Watering C: Een onderzoek naar de eifalljke aanleg voor podotrochlitis, Tijdschrift Dieergeneesk 92:1261, 1967.
  11. Colles C: The pathogenesis and treatment of navicular disease in the horse, PhD thesis, London, 1987, University of London.
  12. Turner T: Role of hoof balance on navicular disease. International Symposium on Podotrochlosis, Dortmund, 1993.
  13. Denoix JM: Les origines du syndrome podotrochleaire en relation avec la biomechanique. Proceedings of the Sixth Geneva Congress on Equine Medicine and Surgery, 1999.
  14. Bowker R, Atkinson P, Atkinson T, et al: Effect of contact stress in bones of the distal interphalangeal joint on microscopic changes in articular cartilage and ligaments, Am J Vet Res 62:414, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Denoix JM: Functional anatomy of the equine interphalangeal joints, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 45:174, 1999.
  16. Wilson A, McGuigan M, Fouracre L, et al: The force and contact stress on the navicular bone during trot locomotion in sound horses and horses with navicular disease, Equine Vet J 33:159, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  17. McGuigan M, Wilson A: The effect of bilateral palmar digital nerve analgesia on the compressive force experienced by the navicular bone in horses with navicular disease, Equine Vet J 33:166, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Eliashar E, McGuigan M, Wilson A: Relationship of foot conformation and force applied to the navicular bone of sound horses at the trot, Equine Vet J 36:431, 2004. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Dik K, van den Belt A, Enzerink E, et al: The radiographic development of the distal and proximal double contours of the equine navicular bone on dorsoproximal-palmarodistal oblique (upright pedal) radiographs from age 1 to 11 months, Equine Vet J 33:70, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  20. Rijkenhuizen A, Nemeth F, Dik K, et al: The arterial supply of the navicular bone in adult horses with navicular disease, Equine Vet J 21:418, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Colles C, Hickman J: The arterial supply of the navicular bone and its variations in navicular disease, Equine Vet J 9:150, 1977. PUBMED Abstract
  22. MacGregor C: Studies on the pathology and treatment of navicular disease, PhD thesis, Edinburgh, UK, 1984, University of Edinburgh.
  23. Ostblom L, Lund C, Melsen F: Histological study of navicular bone disease, Equine Vet J 14:199, 1982. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Pool R, Meagher D, Stover S: Pathophysiology of navicular syndrome, Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 5:109, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  25. Wright I, Kidd L, Thorp B: Gross, histological and histomorphometric features of the navicular bone and related structures in the horse, Equine Vet J 30:220, 1998. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Wright I, Douglas J: Biomechanical considerations in the treatment of navicular disease, Vet Rec 133:109, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Dyson S, Murray R: Verification of scintigraphic imaging for injury diagnosis in 264 horses with foot pain, Equine Vet J 39:350, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Dyson S, Murray R: Use of concurrent scintigraphic and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation to improve understanding of the pathogenesis of injury of the podotrochlear apparatus, Equine Vet J 39:365, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Bowker R: Contrasting structural morphologies of “good” and “bad” footed horses, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 49:186, 2003.
  30. Keegan K, Wilson D, Lattimer J, et al: Scintigraphic evaluation of 99mTc- methylene diphosphonate uptake in the navicular area of horses with lameness isolated to the foot by anaesthesia of the palmar digital nerves, Am J Vet Res 57:415, 1996. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Dyson S, Weekes J: Orthopaedic imaging. In Dyson S, Pilsworth R, Twardock R, et al, eds: Equine scintigraphy, ed 1, Newmarket, UK, 2003, Equine Veterinary Journal.
  32. Dyson S: Subjective and quantitative scintigraphic assessment of the equine foot and its relationship with foot pain, Equine Vet J 34:164, 2002. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Murray R, Schramme M, Dyson S, et al: MRI characteristics of the foot in horses with palmar foot pain and control horses, Vet Radiol Ultrasound 47:1, 2006.
  34. Murray R, Blunden A, Schramme M, et al: How does magnetic resonance imaging represent histological findings in the equine digit? Vet Radiol Ultrasound 47:17, 2006.
  35. Schneider R, Gavin P, Tucker R: What MRI is teaching us about navicular disease, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 49: 210, 2003.
  36. Busoni V, Heimann M, Trenteseaux J, et al: Abnormal MRI findings in the deep digital flexor tendon and distal sesamoid bone in radiographically defined navicular disease—an in vitro study, Vet Radiol Ultrasound 46:279, 2005.
  37. Verschooten F, Roels J, Lampu P, et al: Radiographic measurements from the lateromedial projection of the equine foot with navicular disease, Res Vet Sci 46:15, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  38. Wright I: A study of 118 cases of navicular disease: radiological features, Equine Vet J 25:493, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  39. Dyson S: Radiological interpretation of the navicular bone, Equine Vet Educ 268:280, 2008.
  40. Kaser-Hotz B, Ueltschi G: Radiographic appearance of the navicular bone in sound horses, Vet Radiol Ultrasound 33:9, 1992.
  41. van Wulfen K, Bowker R: Intersection of the DSIL and the DDFT and its relationship to navicular syndrome, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 43:405, 1997.
  42. van Wulfen K: Normal anatomy of navicular bone suspensory ligaments and its relationship to navicular syndrome, master’s thesis, East Lansing, Mich, 1999, Michigan State University.
  43. Svalastoga E, Neilsen K: Navicular disease in the horse: the synovial membrane of bursa podotrochlearis, Nord Vet Med 35:28, 1983. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Svalastoga E, Smith M: Navicular disease in the horse: the subchondral bone pressure, Nord Vet Med 35:31, 1983.
  45. Pleasant S, Baker G, Foreman J, et al: Intraosseous pressure and pathologic changes in horses with navicular disease, Am J Vet Res 54:7, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  46. Bowker R, Rockerhouser S, Vex K, et al: Immunocytochemical and dye distribution studies of nerves potentially desensitised by injections into the distal interphalangeal joint or the navicular bursa of horses, J Am Vet Med Assoc 203:1708, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  47. Bowker R, Linder K, Van Wulfen K: Anatomy of the distal interphalangeal joint of the mature horse: relationships with the navicular suspensory ligaments, sensory nerves and neurovascular bundle, Equine Vet J 29:126, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  48. Valdez H, Adams O, Peyton L: Navicular disease in the hindlimb of the horse, J Am Vet Med Assoc 172:291, 1978. PUBMED Abstract
  49. Dyson S: Navicular disease and other soft tissue causes of palmar foot pain. In Ross M, Dyson S, eds: Diagnosis and management of lameness in the horse, ed 1, St. Louis, 2003, Saunders.
  50. Wright I: A study of 118 cases of navicular disease: clinical features, Equine Vet J 25:488, 1983.
  51. Beeman M: The diagnosis of navicular disease (navicular syndrome), Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 31:477, 1985.
  52. Hertsch von B: Untersuchung des strahlbeines. Proceedings of Sixth Geneva Congress on Equine Medicine and Surgery, 1999.
  53. Dyson S, Kidd L: A comparison of responses to analgesia of the navicular bursa and intra-articular analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint in 59 horses, Equine Vet J 25:93, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  54. Turner T: Predictive value of diagnostic tests for navicular pain, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 42:201, 1996.
  55. Schumacher J, Steiger R, Schumacher J, et al: Effects of analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint or palmar digital nerves on lameness caused by solar pain in horses, Vet Surg 29:54, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  56. Schumacher J, Schumacher J, De Graves F, et al: A comparison of the effects of 2 volumes of local anaesthetic solution in the distal interphalangeal joint of horses with lameness caused by solar toe or solar heel pain, Equine Vet J 32:43, 2000.
  57. Butler J, Colles C, Dyson S, et al: Foot, pastern and fetlock. In Butler JA, Colles JM, Dyson SJ, et al, eds: Clinical radiology of the horse, ed 3, Oxford, 2008, Wiley-Blackwell.
  58. Dik K: Radiographic examination. In Wagenaar G, ed: The pre-purchase examination of the horse, ed 2, Utrecht, 1992, Bunge.
  59. Dik K: Personal communication, 2003.
  60. Poulos P: Correlation of radiographic signs and histological changes in the navicular bone, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 29:241, 1983.
  61. Poulos P: The nature of enlarged “vascular channels” in the navicular bone of the horse, Vet Radiol 29:60, 1988.
  62. Schramme M, Murray R, Blunden A, et al: A comparison between MRI, pathology and radiology in 34 limbs with navicular syndrome and 25 control limbs, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 51:348, 2005.
  63. Berry C, Pool R, Stover S, et al: Radiographic/morphologic investigation of a radiolucent crescent within the flexor central eminence of the navicular bone in Thoroughbreds, Am J Vet Res 53:1604, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  64. Turner T: Use of navicular bursography in 97 horses, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 44:227, 1998.
  65. Trout D, Hornhof W, O’Brien T: Soft tissue- and bone-phase scintigraphy for diagnosis of navicular disease in horses, J Am Vet Med Assoc 198:73, 1991. PUBMED Abstract
  66. Tiejte S: Die computertomographie im strahlbeinbereich des pferdes: ein vergleich mit der konventionellen rontgendastellung, Pferdheilkunde 11:51, 1995.
  67. Whitton C, Buckley C, Donovan T, et al: The diagnosis of lameness associated with distal limb pathology in a horse: a comparison of radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, Vet J 155:223, 1998. PUBMED Abstract
  68. Widmer W, Buckwalter K, Fessler J, et al: Use of radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of navicular syndrome in the horse, Vet Radiol Ultrasound 41:108, 1999.
  69. Dyson S, Murray R: Magnetic resonance imaging of 264 horses with foot pain: the podotrochlear apparatus, the deep digital flexor tendon and the collateral ligaments of the distal interphalangeal joint, Equine Vet J 39:340, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  70. Dyson S, Murray R: Magnetic resonance imaging of the equine foot, Clin Tech Equine Pract 6:46, 2007.
  71. Sampson S, Schneider R, Gavin P: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in horses with recent and chronic bilateral forelimb lameness diagnosed as navicular syndrome, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 54:419, 2008.
  72. Smith M, Wright I, Smith R: Endoscopic assessment and treatment of lesions of the deep digital flexor tendon in the navicular bursae of 20 lame horses, Equine Vet J 38:18, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  73. Bowker R, Van Wulfen K, Springer S, et al: Functional anatomy of the cartilage of the distal phalanx and digital cushion in the equine foot and a hemodynamic flow hypothesis of energy dissipation, Am J Vet Res 59:961, 1998. PUBMED Abstract
  74. Dyson S: The puzzle of distal interphalangeal joint pain, Equine Vet Educ 10:119, 1998.
  75. Schoonover M, Jann H, Blaik M: Quantitative comparison of 3 commonly used treatments for navicular syndrome in horses, Am J Vet Res 66:1247, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  76. Dejardin L, Arnoczky S, Cloud G, et al: Photoelastic stress analysis of strain patterns in equine hooves after four-point trimming, Am J Vet Res 62:467, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  77. Willemen M, Savelberg H, Barneveld A: The effect of orthopaedic shoeing on the force exerted by the deep digital flexor tendon on the navicular bone in horses, Equine Vet J 31:25, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  78. Ostblom L, Lund C, Melsen F: Navicular bone disease: results of treatment using egg-bar shoeing technique, Equine Vet J 16:203, 1984. PUBMED Abstract
  79. Ostblom L, Lund C, Melsen F: Navicular bone disease: a comparative histomorphometric study, Equine Vet J 21:431, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  80. Rohde C, Andersen D, Bertone A, et al: Effects of phenylbutazone on bone activity and formation in horses, Am J Vet Res 61:537, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  81. Symonds K, MacAllister C, Erkert R, et al: Use of force plate analysis to assess the analgesic effects of etodolac in horses with navicular syndrome, Am J Vet Res 67:557, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  82. Matthews N, Gleed RD, Short CE, et al: Cardiovascular and pharmacokinetic effects of isoxsuprine in the horse, Am J Vet Res 47:2130, 1986. PUBMED Abstract
  83. Ingle-Fehr J, Baxter G: Effect of oral isoxsuprine and pentoxifylline on digital and laminar blood flow in healthy horses, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 42:214, 1996.
  84. Deumer J, de Haan F, Tulp M, et al: Effect of an isoxsuprine-resin preparation on blood flow in the equine thoracic limb, Vet Rec 129:427, 1991. PUBMED Abstract
  85. Belloli C, Carcano R, Arioli F, et al: Affinity of isoxsuprine for adrenoreceptors in equine digital artery and implications for vasodilatory action, Equine Vet J 32:119, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  86. Turner A, Tucker C: The evaluation of isoxsuprine hydrochloride for the treatment of navicular disease: a double blind study, Equine Vet J 21:338, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  87. Pauwels F, Schumacher J, Castro F, et al: Evaluation of the diffusion of corticosteroids between the distal interphalangeal joint and navicular bursa in horses, Am J Vet Res 69:611, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  88. Kristiansen K, Kold S: Multivariable analysis of factors influencing outcome of 2 treatment protocols in 128 cases of horses responding positively to intra-articular analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint, Equine Vet J 39:150, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  89. Verschooten F, Desmet P, Peremans K, et al: Navicular disease in the horse: the effect of controlled intrabursal corticoid injection, J Equine Vet Sci 10:316, 1990.
  90. Dabareiner R, Carter K, Honnas C: Injection of corticosteroids, hyaluronate and amikacin into the navicular bursa in horses with signs of navicular area pain unresponsive to other treatments: 25 cases (1999-2002), J Am Vet Med Assoc 223:1469, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  91. Dyson S: Unpublished data, 2008.
  92. Bell C, Howard R, Taylor D, et al: Outcome of navicular bursa injections in horses with MRI-diagnosed foot pain: 23 cases (2005-2007), Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 54:245, 2008.
  93. Colles C: Anticoagulant therapy for navicular disease, Vet Rec 108:107, 1982.
  94. Kirker-Head K: Use of propentofylline for the treatment of equine navicular disease, Proc Eur Coll Vet Surg 2:10, 1993.
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  96. Crisman M: Evaluation of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan for the treatment of navicular disease: a double blind study, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 39:219, 1993.
  97. Denoix J-M: Tiludronate as a new therapeutic agent in the treatment of navicular disease: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial, Equine Vet J 35:407, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  98. Blum N: The use of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in horses with navicular disease, Pferdheilkunde 21:21, 2005.
  99. Wright I: Navicular suspensory desmotomy in the treatment of navicular disease: technique and preliminary results, Equine Vet J 18:443, 1986. PUBMED Abstract
  100. Diehl M: Desmotomy of the navicular collateral ligaments in horses with navicular disease, Proc Eur Soc Vet Surg 16:53, 1986.
  101. Wright I: A study of 118 cases of navicular disease: treatment by navicular suspensory desmotomy, Equine Vet J 25:501, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  102. Bell B, Bridge I, Sullivan S: Surgical treatment of navicular syndrome in the horse using navicular suspensory desmotomy, N Z Vet J 44:26, 1996. PUBMED Abstract
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